People’s Daily full-page observation: How to promote the construction of a beautiful China in the next five years? _ Guangming Net

“People’s Daily” (version 09, May 26, 2023)

　　Building a beautiful China is a millennium project, which is related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation and the well-being of hundreds of millions of people. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward the goal and task of “significant improvement of urban and rural living environment and remarkable achievements in the construction of a beautiful China” in the next five years. A highly planned development that coexists harmoniously with nature.” How to grasp the significance and practical path of improving urban and rural human settlements? How to promote the construction of a beautiful China and improve the ecological well-being of the people? This issue of Observation Edition revolves around these issues.

　　–editor

　　Promoting the significant improvement of the living environment in urban and rural areas (People Watch)

Gao Shiji Yu Min

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China listed “significant improvement of urban and rural living environment and remarkable achievements in the construction of a beautiful China” as the main objectives and tasks for the next five years . This fully reflects the important position of urban and rural human settlements in the overall development of the party and the country, and demonstrates our party’s people-centered development thinking. When Comrade Xi Jinping was working in Zhejiang, he focused on creating an ecological province and building a “green Zhejiang”. In 2003, Zhejiang launched the “Thousand Village Demonstration and Ten Thousand Village Renovation” project, which has profoundly changed the appearance of the countryside in the past 20 years, and has made important demonstrations and provided profound inspiration for improving the living environment in urban and rural areas and building a beautiful China. We must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, comprehensively implement Xi Jinping’s thought on ecological civilization, deeply understand the significance and historical achievements of urban and rural human settlements, implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, and strive to complete urban and rural human settlements The goal of improving the environment is to build a more beautiful and livable home.

　　Improving the living environment in urban and rural areas is of great significance

The ecological environment is a major political issue related to the mission and purpose of the party, and it is also a major social issue related to people’s livelihood. A good living environment is an important aspect of the people’s pursuit of a better life, and it reflects people’s expectations for building a beautiful home. In the new era and new journey, promoting the construction of urban and rural human settlements is related to high-quality development, high-quality life, and efficient governance, and it is related to the people’s sense of gain, happiness, and security, which is of great and far-reaching significance.

Realize the inevitable requirements of the people’s yearning for a better life. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “A good ecological environment is the fairest public product and the most inclusive welfare of the people.” Realizing, maintaining and developing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people is the starting point and goal of our party’s governance and rejuvenation of the country. With the transformation of the main contradictions of our society in the new era, the people not only put forward higher requirements for material and cultural life, but also have an increasing demand for a beautiful living environment, and have higher expectations for a beautiful ecological environment. We must always adhere to the people-centered development idea, focus on solving prominent environmental problems around the people, improve the living environment in urban and rural areas, so that the people can see the mountains and water, remember their nostalgia, and let the people live in a better life. Live and work in peace and contentment.

Promoting the proper meaning of Chinese-style modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “my country’s construction of socialist modernization has many important characteristics, one of which is that my country’s modernization is a modernization in which man and nature coexist harmoniously.” The relationship between man and nature is the basic relationship of human society, and it is also a difficult problem to be solved in Chinese-style modernization. The human settlement environment is the main place for people to produce and live, and the quality of the human settlement environment directly reflects whether the relationship between man and nature is harmonious or not. In recent years, my country’s urban and rural human settlements have achieved remarkable results, but compared with the people’s expectations for a high-quality life, and compared with the requirements of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, there is still a big gap, especially between urban and rural areas. There are still problems such as large differences in human settlements between regions. In the new era and new journey, we must take the construction of urban and rural human settlements as an important starting point, make up for shortcomings and strengths, build a livable and resilient smart city, build a livable, business-friendly and beautiful village, and do a good job in this big article of harmonious coexistence between man and nature .

The objective need to improve the quality of development. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Unswervingly follow the new path of high-quality development oriented by ecological priority and green development.” In the process of promoting high-quality development, the construction of urban and rural human settlements is an important task. In the final analysis, the problems of urban and rural human settlements are the problems of development mode and lifestyle. To promote the construction of urban and rural human settlements, it is necessary to change the traditional production and consumption methods, promote the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and protect the environment in which people live while developing the economy. It should also be noted that urban and rural development is a natural historical process with its own laws and is closely related to the mode and stage of economic development. To promote the construction of urban and rural human settlements, it is necessary to promote the transformation of the development mode from extensive development to sustainable development on the basis of better understanding, respect, and conformity to the laws of urban and rural development, to provide solid support for high-quality development, and to make green the foundation of high-quality development. Bright undertones.

　　Great achievements have been made in the construction of urban and rural human settlements in the new era

The construction of urban and rural human settlements is a long-term and complex systematic project with many factors affecting it and involving a wide range of areas. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have adhered to the concept that green water and lush mountains are invaluable assets, comprehensively strengthened the construction of ecological civilization, and focused on improving the living environment in urban and rural areas. The transformation of old urban communities, the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, and the classification of garbage have been solidly advanced, with remarkable results. The three-year action to improve the rural living environment has reversed the long-standing dirty and chaotic situation. The village environment has basically become clean and orderly, and the people have really felt the improvement of the living environment.

The level of urban and rural life services has been greatly improved. In 2021, the national urban water supply penetration rate will reach 99.4%, an increase of more than 2 percentage points from 2012; the gas penetration rate will reach 98%, an increase of nearly 5 percentage points from 2012. The safety level of drinking water in rural areas has been greatly improved, and the penetration rate of tap water in rural areas will reach 87% in 2022. All qualified towns and villages across the country have access to hardened roads and buses, and the problem of “travel difficulty” for ordinary people has been effectively solved.

Significant progress has been made in urban and rural domestic sewage treatment. In 2021, the centralized collection rate of urban domestic sewage will be 68.6%, and the treatment rate will be close to 98%, an increase of more than 10 percentage points compared with 2012. The black and odorous water bodies in 295 urban built-up areas at the prefecture level and above will be basically eliminated; the treatment rate of rural domestic sewage will reach 28% %, an increase of 6 percentage points compared with 2016. As of 2022, there will be more than 1,500 new sewage treatment facilities across the country, and a sewage pipe network of about 300,000 kilometers.

The treatment of urban and rural domestic waste has achieved outstanding results. In 2021, the harmless disposal rate of municipal solid waste nationwide will reach 99.9%, an increase of 15 percentage points from 2012. In recent years, various places have vigorously promoted garbage classification and promoted the formation of a green lifestyle. 297 cities above the prefecture level across the country have carried out household waste classification work, and the average coverage rate of waste classification in residential quarters has reached 82.5%. All localities have comprehensively promoted the construction of a collection, transportation and disposal system of “household classification, village collection, township transfer, and county treatment”. The proportion of natural villages that collect, transport and treat rural domestic waste has reached more than 90%. The control of agricultural non-point source pollution has achieved positive results. In 2021, the comprehensive utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure will exceed 76%, the comprehensive utilization rate of straw will exceed 88%, and the recovery rate of agricultural film will reach more than 80%.

The situation of dirty and chaotic urban and rural areas has been reversed. In the past 10 years, my country has started to renovate more than 160,000 old residential areas, benefiting more than 29 million residents; renovating more than 24 million dilapidated houses in rural areas, and historically solved the housing safety problem of the poor in rural areas. Since 2018, more than 95% of villages across the country have carried out cleaning campaigns, mobilized the masses to carry out “three cleans and one reform”, and 140,000 villages have been greened and beautified. The rural toilet revolution has made positive progress. The penetration rate of sanitary toilets in rural areas across the country has exceeded 73%. Since 2018, more than 40 million rural household toilets have been renovated, and the appearance of villages has taken on a new look. In the past 10 years, my country has accumulatively built more than 50,000 beautiful villages with local characteristics, and 8,155 villages with important protection value have been included in the list of Chinese traditional villages. By 2020, protect 539,000 historical buildings and traditional dwellings, forming the world’s largest agricultural civilization heritage protection group with the richest content and value, the most complete protection, and living inheritance.

The quality of urban and rural ecological space has been continuously improved. Our country vigorously promotes the construction of national forest cities and national garden cities, actively builds national forest villages, etc., and the area of ​​urban and rural green areas has increased significantly. In 2021, the green area of ​​urban built-up areas across the country will reach 2.493 million hectares, and the green area rate in built-up areas will reach 38.7%. In accordance with the requirement of residents to travel “green at 300 meters and gardens at 500 meters”, as of August 2022, nearly 30,000 “pocket parks” will be constructed or renovated according to local conditions, and more than 80,000 kilometers of greenways will be built. Over the past 10 years, the urban per capita park green area has increased from 11.8 square meters to 14.87 square meters, and the green coverage rate of villages has reached 29%.

　　Build a more beautiful and livable home

Enabling the people to produce and live in a good environment is a specific requirement for the construction of ecological civilization and an important part of promoting Chinese-style modernization. In the new era, our party organically integrates economic development and the improvement of people’s living standards, strengthens the overall layout and systematic planning, and solidly promotes the improvement of urban and rural human settlements. Looking forward to the future, on the basis of the achievements made in the construction of urban and rural human settlements, we must continue to strengthen the top-level design, give full play to the advantages of the system, make up for the shortcomings of infrastructure, and promote the improvement of my country’s urban and rural human settlements to a new level, making the construction more beautiful Liveable homes.

Strengthen the top-level design. The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core attaches great importance to improving the living environment in urban and rural areas, strengthens top-level design, makes a series of major deployments, and scientifically plans and promotes related work. In 2021, the Central Office and the State Office will issue the “Opinions on Promoting Green Development of Urban and Rural Construction”, which will apply the new development concept throughout the entire process and aspects of urban and rural construction, and will help systematically solve outstanding problems in urban and rural construction and continuously improve the level of refined urban governance has great significance. In 2021, the Central Office and the State Council issued the “Five-Year Action Plan for Improvement and Improvement of Rural Human Settlement Environment (2021-2025)”, which clarified the overall goals and main directions for the improvement and improvement of rural human settlement environment, in order to further improve rural human settlements. The environment and accelerating the construction of ecologically livable and beautiful villages have drawn a clear road map. These top-level designs are important measures to meet the people’s eager expectation for a good ecological environment, and provide a solid guarantee for the construction of urban and rural human settlements.

Take advantage of the system. The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. The improvement of urban and rural human settlements involves many elements such as funds, resources, and talents. It is necessary to adhere to the overall leadership of the party, give full play to the institutional advantages of efficiently coordinating the actions of all parties and allocating various resources, and promote the construction of urban and rural human settlements in various fields and regions. Provide strong institutional and organizational guarantees. We must take the party’s overall leadership throughout all aspects of urban and rural human settlement improvement. Under the unified leadership of the party organization, integrate various social forces, stimulate the enthusiasm of the masses to participate extensively, and promote the formation of a joint force for building a better living environment.

Sound infrastructure. Completing the shortcomings of urban and rural infrastructure is an important part of the construction of urban and rural human settlements. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed: “Improve the level of environmental infrastructure construction and promote the improvement of urban and rural human settlements.” The “14th Five-Year Plan” outline proposed to comprehensively improve the level of environmental infrastructure and build a collection An environmental infrastructure system integrating medical waste treatment and disposal facilities and monitoring and supervision capabilities forms an environmental infrastructure network extending from cities to towns and villages. To implement the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee, we must persist in adapting measures to local conditions, implement precise management, continue to improve the greening level of urban and rural communities, increase the construction of urban sewage treatment facilities, promote the treatment of urban and rural domestic waste, and provide a more solid foundation for the improvement of urban and rural living environments.

(The authors are the Director and Associate Researcher of the Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy, Development Research Center of the State Council, respectively)

　　Continuously improve the most inclusive people’s livelihood and well-being (by everyone)

Wang Yanxin

With green mountains, clear waters, singing birds and fragrant flowers, people hope to work and live in a beautiful environment. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “A good ecological environment is the fairest public product and the most inclusive welfare of people’s livelihood.” In the new era, our party leads the people to promote high-quality development to meet the people’s growing needs for a better life as the starting point and goal The goal is to continuously transform development achievements into quality of life, and continuously enhance the people’s sense of gain, happiness, and security. On the new journey, we must always adhere to the supremacy of the people, continue to meet the needs of the people for a beautiful ecological environment, firmly establish and practice the concept that green water and lush mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains, and take the solution of outstanding ecological and environmental problems as the priority of people’s livelihood, and continuously improve the quality of the environment. Ecological environment, the most inclusive welfare of people’s livelihood, makes people’s happy life more beautiful.

The environment is people’s livelihood, the green hills are beautiful, and the blue sky is happiness. The ecological environment is related to human life and health, and is related to the happiness of life of the people. At present, the people have higher expectations and requirements for a beautiful ecological environment, hoping to have fresher air, clearer water quality, and a cleaner environment. Only by maintaining a good ecological environment can people’s quality of life be continuously improved. Not only that, the ecological environment is also closely related to the sustainable development of the economy and society. As a large developing country with a population of more than 1.4 billion, my country has a limited environmental capacity and a fragile ecosystem. To enter a modern society as a whole, a development model of high energy consumption, high pollution, and high emissions is not feasible. We must adhere to sustainable development, protect nature and the ecological environment like protecting our eyes, and unswervingly follow the path of civilized development that promotes production development, affluent life, and a sound ecology.

What government wants, cares about the hearts of the people. Xi Jinping’s thoughts on ecological civilization are the fundamental principles and guidelines for the construction of my country’s ecological civilization in the new era. This idea focuses on the outstanding environmental issues that the people feel most directly and urgently require, regards a good ecological environment as the most inclusive welfare of the people, and actively responds to the growing needs of the people for a beautiful ecological environment. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping’s thoughts on ecological civilization, my country has promoted the construction of ecological civilization with unprecedented determination and strength, resolutely fought the tough battle of pollution prevention and control, and made every effort to promote carbon peak carbon neutrality. The concept of ecological priority and green development is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and the ecological environment protection has undergone historic, turning point and overall changes. my country has become the country with the fastest improvement in air quality in the world, the quality of surface water continues to improve, the risk of soil pollution has been effectively controlled, and the goal of “zero import” of solid waste has been achieved. The scale of development and utilization of renewable energy and the production and sales of new energy vehicles are all stable. Ranking first in the world, outstanding ecological and environmental problems around the masses have been continuously resolved, and people’s ecological well-being has been significantly enhanced.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China: “Chinese-style modernization is a modernization in which man and nature coexist harmoniously.” A basic public service that accelerates the improvement of environmental quality, provides more high-quality ecological products, and enables people to live a high-quality life in high-quality development.

Environmental issues are complex, comprehensive, and regional. To strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, we must maintain strategic focus, adhere to the same direction and unabated efforts. At present, it is necessary to continue to make efforts in key areas such as the coordinated prevention and control of fine particulate matter and ozone, the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, the prevention and control of soil and groundwater pollution, the disposal of hazardous waste, and the treatment of new pollutants. Follow the integrity, systematicness and internal laws of the ecosystem, adhere to the policy of giving priority to conservation, protection, and natural restoration, gradually restore the damaged ecosystem to its original function and structure, and improve the recuperation of grasslands, forests, rivers and lakes Institutions that increase the productivity and self-sustainability of ecosystems. Scientifically carry out large-scale land greening actions, rationally plan the production, living and ecological space of the city, integrate the city into nature, and build the city into a beautiful home where man and nature coexist harmoniously. Focus on promoting rural revitalization, focus on solving urgent problems such as agricultural non-point source pollution control, continue to carry out rural human settlements improvement actions, focus on rural toilet revolution, domestic sewage treatment and domestic waste treatment, and formulate more practical, sustainable and operable measures , to build a livable, business-friendly and beautiful village.

Protecting the ecological environment is a cause that is jointly built and enjoyed by the people. We must transform the construction of a beautiful China into the conscious actions of all the people and mobilize the whole people to participate in the construction of ecological civilization. Strengthen the people’s awareness of conservation, environmental protection, and ecology, encourage green consumption, green living, and green travel, and form a civilized and healthy lifestyle. With firm belief and long-term success, we will continue to improve the ecological environment, the most inclusive livelihood and well-being of the people, so that people can live a healthier and happier life in a good ecological environment.

(The author is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the president of China University of Geosciences (Wuhan))

　　Make green a distinctive background color for high-quality development

　　Accelerate the green transformation of the development mode (new knowledge and new perception)

Li Heliang

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China included “significant improvement of the living environment in urban and rural areas, and remarkable achievements in the construction of a beautiful China” as the main goals and tasks for the next five years. To promote the construction of a beautiful China, we must accelerate the green transformation of the development model. In the process of promoting high-quality development, it is necessary to firmly establish and practice the concept that green water and lush mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains, coordinate the relationship between economic and social development and ecological and environmental protection, and unswervingly follow the road of green development, so that green becomes high-quality A strong undertone of development.

High-quality development is the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China: “Promoting green and low-carbon economic and social development is the key link to achieve high-quality development.” Judgment and strategic deployment. High-quality development is the development that embodies new development concepts, and it is the development in which green development has become a common form. my country has a huge population, tight constraints on resources and energy, limited environmental capacity, and a fragile ecosystem. These conditions constitute realistic constraints on high-quality development. In addition, my country’s green development and economic transformation are carried out simultaneously, and industrialization and urbanization are in the stage of in-depth development. In the future, the demand for energy resources will continue to grow rigidly, and the industrial structure and energy structure have obvious high-carbon characteristics. The task of reaching peak carbon neutrality is quite daunting. Promoting green and low-carbon development is the direction of the trend and the trend of the times. With a population of more than 1.4 billion entering a modern society, a development model with high energy consumption, high pollution, and high emissions will not work. We must accelerate the green transformation of the development model and build a high-tech environment. The industrial structure with low resource consumption and less environmental pollution greatly improves the degree of economic greening and effectively reduces the cost of resources and the environment for development.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Green cycle and low-carbon development is the direction of technological revolution and industrial transformation in this era, and it is the most promising development field.” Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have adhered to the new development concept, guided by innovation-driven development, shaped new kinetic energy and new advantages of economic development, promoted the deep adjustment of industrial structure with the rigid constraints of resources and environment, continued to optimize the industrial space layout by strengthening regional cooperation, and accelerated the construction of green The economic system of low-carbon circular development promotes economic development while maintaining a reasonable increase in quantity and achieving a steady improvement in quality. Judging from the development trend of my country in recent years, on the one hand, green transformation is profoundly changing the traditional production mode characterized by low-cost factors, promoting high-end, intelligent, and green industries, and forming many new growth points. For example, the application of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, and quantum communication has been accelerated, and new products and business formats such as smart terminals, telemedicine, and online education have been cultivated, and renewable energy industries such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation have developed rapidly. On the other hand, my country’s traditional industrial transformation and upgrading needs and green consumption demand are giving birth to a huge green market. All kinds of production pay more attention to using high-quality resource inputs to produce products with higher quality and more diverse values, and green production methods are widely promoted. At the same time, the green lifestyle has gradually become a fashion. By the end of 2021, my country has built a total of 2,783 green factories, 223 green industrial parks, and 296 green supply chain management enterprises. my country’s new energy vehicles will maintain rapid growth, and by 2022, the production and sales volume will remain the first in the world for eight consecutive years.

To accelerate the green transformation of the development mode, the internal requirements are to follow the laws of nature and the laws of economic and social development, take the ecological environment as an internal factor for the development of productive forces, and promote the formation of industrial structures, production methods, lifestyles, and spatial patterns that save resources and protect the environment, and strive to achieve economic growth. The coordination and unification of social development and ecological environment protection. In order to achieve the goal of “significant improvement of urban and rural living environment and remarkable achievements in the construction of a beautiful China” in the next five years, we must conscientiously implement the strategic deployment made in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, promote green and low-carbon economic and social development, and continuously create high-quality A new situation in quality development. Accelerate the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure, energy structure, transportation structure, etc. Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, promote the accelerated development of strategic emerging industries, high-tech industries, and modern service industries; adjust and optimize the energy structure based on resource endowments, and promote the clean, low-carbon and efficient use of coal and other fossil energy; adjust the transportation structure, vigorously develop multi- to speed up the construction of new infrastructure such as charging piles. Implement a comprehensive conservation strategy, promote the conservation and intensive use of various resources, promote agricultural water conservation and efficiency enhancement, industrial water conservation and emission reduction, and urban water conservation and loss reduction, accelerate the establishment of a waste recycling system, and promote the centralized treatment and resource utilization. Improve fiscal and taxation, finance, investment, price policies and standard systems that support green development, develop green and low-carbon industries, improve the market-based allocation system for resources and environmental elements, and accelerate the research and development, promotion and application of advanced energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies. Advocate green consumption, encourage green clothing, popularize green diet, promote green living, promote green travel, develop green tourism, etc., and promote the formation of green and low-carbon production methods and lifestyles.

(The author is a researcher at the Xi Jinping Thought Research Center for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in Shandong Province)

“People’s Daily” (version 09, May 26, 2023)

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